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CITP Special Event: Eszter Hargittai Book Discussion - Connected in Isolation: Digital Privilege in Unsettled Times

Date and Time
Wednesday, November 30, 2022 - 3:00pm to 4:00pm
Location
Bendheim Finance 103
Type
CITP

Join us for a discussion regarding Connected in Isolation: Digital Privilege in Unsettled Times by Eszter Hargittai, CITP Visiting Research Scholar. The book examines the hidden disparities that emerged during the global pandemic when access to education, work and even healthcare, hinged not only on access to the web, but certain digital skills, too. Hargittai will be joined by Keith Wailoo, the Henry Putnam University Professor of History and Public Affairs at Princeton, CITP Executive Director Tithi Chattopadhyay, and Andy Guess, assistant professor of politics and public affairs at the School of Public and International Affairs to discuss the book.

Event poster

 

Bio: Eszter Hargittai is a professor and holds the Chair of Internet Use and Society at the Institute of Communication and Media Research of the University of Zurich. She is a fellow of the International Communication Association and an External Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. She is past fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford and Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet & Society. She has also held visiting positions at Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland), the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland), University of Queensland (Australia), and the University of Vienna (Austria).

Hargittai’s research looks at how people may benefit from or be left behind as a result of their varied digital media uses with a particular focus on how differences in people’s digital skills influence what they do online. She has looked at these questions in the domains of information seeking, health content (including Covid-19), political participation, job search, the sharing of creative content, and privacy management.

Hargittai’s work has received awards from several professional associations including the International Communication Association’s Outstanding Young Scholar Award. For her teaching, she received the Galbut Outstanding Faculty Mentor Award of the School of Communication at Northwestern University, which honors one faculty member each year for exemplary teaching and engagement with students both inside and outside of the classroom. She has published over 100 journal articles, dozens of book chapters, and has edited four books. In addition to having presented her work across the US, she has also given invited talks in 15 countries on four continents. She has keynoted 18 meetings, given over 160 invited talks, and has presented at numerous conferences.

Her work has been featured in many popular media outlets in the United States and internationally. Her research has been supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Microsoft Research, Nokia, Google, Facebook, and Merck, among others.

Hargittai is editor of the Handbook of Digital Inequality (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2021), Research Exposed: How Empirical Social Science Gets Done in the Digital Age (Columbia University Press 2021), Digital Research Confidential (with Christian Sandvig, The MIT Press, 2015), and Research Confidential: Solutions to Problems Most Social Scientists Pretend They Never Have (University of Michigan Press, 2009). The latter three present a behind-the-scenes look at doing empirical social science research. She has published academic career advice at Inside Higher Ed under the Ph.Do column.

She has won some photo contests, has had her photography featured in books and calendars, and people she doesn’t know have been willing to part with their money to own some of her paintings.

She tweets @eszter.

If you cannot attend in person, you can click here to watch the webinar.

CITP Seminar: Lessons From the Edge: What Rural Connectivity Teaches Us About Next-Generation Networks

Date and Time
Tuesday, November 15, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Shaddi Hasan, from Virginia Tech

Shaddi Hasan
Despite significant increases in availability of Internet connectivity globally, hundreds of millions of people today are unable to access the Internet, the consequences of which have come into sharp focus in recent years. This talk will present research building systems to provide communications service effectively and sustainably to underserved communities, with examples from deployments in rural areas of the Philippines and Indonesia. By focusing on the “edge cases” left unserved by traditional approaches, this work demonstrates how work on rural connectivity carries important lessons for next-generation access networks.

Bio: Shaddi Hasan is an assistant professor of computer science at Virginia Tech. His research interests lie at the intersection of networking, human-centered computing, and information and communication technologies for development (ICTD). His current research centers on developing infrastructure technologies for historically underserved communities, with a focus on Internet access. Prior to Virginia Tech, he was a software engineer at Facebook Connectivity, and a co-founder at Endaga, a startup building tools for community-run cellular networks. He received his Ph.D. from UC Berkeley in 2019, and his BS from UNC Chapel Hill in 2010.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will be recorded and posted here, on the CITP YouTube channel and on the Princeton University Media Central website.

Click here to watch the webinar.

CITP Seminar: Author of Proving Ground: The Untold Story of the Six Women Who Programmed the World’s First Modern Computer

Date and Time
Tuesday, November 8, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Kathy Kleiman, from American University Washington College of Law

Kathy Kleiman
During World War II, the Army hired women to hand-calculate ballistics trajectories for artillery firing tables. But these differential calculus equations took over 2 dozen hours by hand, and the Army needed thousands of them. In an attempt to speed up the calculations, the Army agreed to fund the creation of a truly experimental machine – the world’s first all-electronic, general-purpose, programmable computer with 18,000 vacuum tubes. When the huge Electronic Numeric Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) surprisingly worked, the Army selected women mathematicians to program it to compute the ballistics trajectories they knew so well. That there were no programming languages or even computer manuals did not stand in their way. Their program helped launch ENIAC to fame as the world’s first modern computer, but the women were never introduced or credited.

Join law professor, author, documentarian, and former CITP Visiting Research Fellow Kathy Kleiman to discuss her new book Proving Ground: The Untold Story of the Six Women Who Programmed the World’s First Modern Computer.  She will share her process of finding the ENIAC Programmers, researching the odd “direct programming” method of ENIAC, and finding ways to record and share these stories. Why are some histories told and others not told and do you agree with this process?

Bio: Kathy Kleiman is happy to return to CITP where she was a Visiting Research Scholar, 2018-19. Now she teaches intellectual property and Internet Technology & Governance for Lawyers at American University Washington College of Law (AUWCL).  Kleiman is part of the group that founded the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), which oversees and manages the Internet infrastructure. Her research areas include trademark and fair use, privacy, free speech, and due process online, as well as missing parts of computer history. She speaks on these topics around the world.

Kleiman is a graduate of Harvard University and Boston University School of Law. She is a Senior Fellow with American University Washington College of Law’s Program on Tech, Law & Security and Program on Information Justice and Intellectual Property, and part of the University’s cross-community Internet Governance Lab.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will be recorded and posted here, on the CITP YouTube channel and on the Princeton University Media Central website.

Click here to watch the webinar.

CITP Seminar: The Black Box of Information Access: Measuring People’s Algorithm Skills

Date and Time
Tuesday, December 6, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Eszter Hargittai, from University of Zurich

Eszter Hargittai
While we know that algorithms are an increasingly important part of what information people encounter in everyday life, little work has focused on studying users’ awareness and understanding of how algorithms may influence what they see and do. There is also more to learn about what actions users may be taking to try to influence what content they get from search engines, social media, video sites, and other online services. This presentation will discuss people’s algorithm skills drawing on data collected through interviews in several countries and through a national survey of US adults.

Bio: Eszter Hargittai is a professor and holds the Chair of Internet Use and Society at the Institute of Communication and Media Research of the University of Zurich. She is a fellow of the International Communication Association and an External Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. She is past fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford and Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet & Society. She has also held visiting positions at Trinity College, Dublin (Ireland), the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland), University of Queensland (Australia), and the University of Vienna (Austria).

Hargittai’s research looks at how people may benefit from or be left behind as a result of their varied digital media uses with a particular focus on how differences in people’s digital skills influence what they do online. She has looked at these questions in the domains of information seeking, health content (including Covid-19), political participation, job search, the sharing of creative content, and privacy management.

Hargittai’s work has received awards from several professional associations including the International Communication Association’s Outstanding Young Scholar Award. For her teaching, she received the Galbut Outstanding Faculty Mentor Award of the School of Communication at Northwestern University, which honors one faculty member each year for exemplary teaching and engagement with students both inside and outside of the classroom. She has published over 100 journal articles, dozens of book chapters, and has edited four books. In addition to having presented her work across the US, she has also given invited talks in 15 countries on four continents. She has keynoted 18 meetings, given over 160 invited talks, and has presented at numerous conferences.

Her work has been featured in many popular media outlets in the United States and internationally. Her research has been supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Microsoft Research, Nokia, Google, Facebook, and Merck, among others.

Hargittai is editor of the Handbook of Digital Inequality (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2021), Research Exposed: How Empirical Social Science Gets Done in the Digital Age (Columbia University Press 2021), Digital Research Confidential (with Christian Sandvig, The MIT Press, 2015), and Research Confidential: Solutions to Problems Most Social Scientists Pretend They Never Have (University of Michigan Press, 2009). The latter three present a behind-the-scenes look at doing empirical social science research. She has published academic career advice at Inside Higher Ed under the Ph.Do column.

She has won some photo contests, has had her photography featured in books and calendars, and people she doesn’t know have been willing to part with their money to own some of her paintings.

She tweets @eszter.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will be recorded and posted here, on the CITP YouTube channel and on the Princeton University Media Central website.

Click here to watch the webinar.

CITP Seminar: “My AI Must Have Been Broken”: How AI Stands to Reshape Human Communication

Date and Time
Tuesday, November 29, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Mor Naaman, from Cornell Tech

Mor Naaman
From autocomplete and smart replies to video filters and deepfakes, we increasingly live in a world where communication between humans is augmented by artificial intelligence. AI often operates on behalf of a human communicator by recommending, suggesting, modifying, or generating messages to accomplish communication goals. We call this phenomenon AI-Mediated Communication (or AI-MC). While AI-MC has the potential of making human communication more efficient, it impacts other aspects of our communication in ways that are not yet well understood. Over the last three years, Naaman and his collaborators have been documenting the impact of AI-MC on communication outcomes, language use, interpersonal trust, and more.

The talk will outline early experimental findings from this work, mostly led by Cornell and Stanford graduate students Maurice Jakesch, Hannah Mieczkowski, and Jess Hohenstein. For example, the research shows that AI-MC involvement can result in language shifting towards positivity; impact the evaluation of others; change the extent to which we take ownership over our messages; and shift assignment of blame for communication outcomes. Given the impact of AI-MC on interpersonal evaluations, the talk will also cover our recent research examining the (mostly false) heuristics humans use when evaluating whether text was written by AI. Overall, AI-MC raises significant practical and ethical concerns as it stands to reshape human communication, calling for new approaches to the development and regulation of these technologies.

Bio: Mor Naaman is a professor of information science at Cornell Tech where he also serves as the associate dean for technical programs. Naaman leads a research group focused on the intersection of technology, media and democracy. The group applies multidisciplinary techniques — from machine learning to qualitative social science — to study our information ecosystem and its challenges. Before Cornell, he was on the faculty at the Rutgers School of Communication and Information, led a research team at Yahoo! Research Berkeley, received a Ph.D. in computer science from the Stanford University InfoLab, and played professional basketball for Hapoel Tel Aviv. He is also a former startup co-founder, and advises startup companies in social computing and related areas.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will be recorded and posted here, on the CITP YouTube channel and on the Princeton University Media Central website.

Click here to watch the webinar.

CITP Seminar: Can We Reconcile the Computer Science and Legal Views of Privacy?

Date and Time
Thursday, October 13, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Kobbi Nissim, from Georgetown University

Kobbi Nissim
Law and computer science interact in critical ways within sociotechnical systems, and recognition is growing among computer scientists, legal scholars, and practitioners of significant gaps between these disciplines that create potential risks for privacy and data protection. These gaps need to be bridged to ensure in the future both that computer systems are designed and implemented to correctly address applicable legal requirements and that interpretations of legal concepts accurately reflect the capabilities and limitations of technical systems. We will explore some of the gaps between the legal and technical views of privacy and suggest directions by which these gaps may be reconciled.

Bio: Kobbi Nissim is the McDevitt Chair in Computer Science at Georgetown University and an affiliate professor at Georgetown Law. His work from 2003 and 2004 with Dinur and Dwork initiated rigorous foundational research of privacy and in 2006 he introduced Differential Privacy with Dwork, McSherry and Smith. Nissim was awarded the Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award in 2021, the Godel Prize In 2017, the IACR TCC Test of Time Award in 2016 and 2018, and the ACM PODS Alberto O. Mendelzon Test-of-Time Award in 2013. He studied at the Weizmann Institute with Prof. Moni Naor.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will be recorded and posted here, on the CITP YouTube channel and on the Princeton University Media Central website.

Click here to watch the webinar: https://princeton.zoom.us/j/95218767096

CITP Seminar: Witness Chain: Proofs of Bandwidth for Trust-Free Wireless Networking

Date and Time
Tuesday, September 27, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Pramod Viswanath, from Princeton University

Pramod Viswanath
Open decentralized networking is a decades-old dream, the fabric enabling open, uncensored, global communication. Although this dream drove the design of the original Internet (web 1.0), technological, authoritarian and economic forces have combined to substantially centralize today’s communication infrastructure (web 2.0). The advent of blockchains, trust-free platforms driven by tokenized incentive mechanisms (web 3.0), is reawakening the old dream of open networking and is aided by the tailwinds of inexpensive hardware and cloud computing and lightly regulated spectrum.

A distinguishing feature of a decentralized network is incentives that reward the level of participation, setting up a “hotspot”, providing backhaul and network connectivity, replacing the traditional centralized reputation of the network. A “network meritocracy”, where anyone can participate in network operation and get rewarded based on their performance, depends crucially on trust-free telemetry, a “proof of bandwidth” system, a new scientific discipline at the intersection of applied cryptography, interactive protocols and networking.

In this talk we showcase two proofs of bandwidths: the first, Proof of Backhaul, is a trust-free speed test where the challengers neither need to be trusted or even have a low latency and high throughput connection to the challenged link. The protocol is a reincarnation of classical Internet telemetry tools of ping and iperf with Byzantine fault tolerant properties. The second, Proof of Service, enables trust-free measurement of network service quality (data, throughput) between a pair of links. Both protocols are naturally implemented via smart contracts and scalable state channels, two essential web 3.0 primitives.

Bio: Pramod Viswanath recently joined Princeton as the Forrest G. Hamrick Professor in Engineering in the Electrical and Computer Engineering department. He received his Ph.D.  in electrical engineering and computer science from University of California at Berkeley. He was a member of the research staff at Flarion Technologies and a faculty member at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign in Electrical and Computer Engineering.

His current research interests are in blockchains. He is a co-founder of Kaleidoscope Blockchain Inc.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will be recorded and posted here, on the CITP YouTube channel and on the Princeton University Media Central website.

Click here to join via Zoom

CITP Seminar: Reimagining Network Infrastructure to Protect Privacy

Date and Time
Tuesday, September 13, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Prateek Mittal, from Princeton University

Prateek Mittal
Our networks were not designed with privacy in mind, but protecting the privacy of network communications is critical for free and open communication in a democratic society. In this talk, two vulnerabilities in today’s network infrastructure will be introduced, these allow malicious entities to surveil online communications and infer sensitive information about citizens. It will also showcase our recent efforts to reimagine network communications to protect the privacy of both communication data and communication meta-data. 

The internet’s public key infrastructure will be discussed,  this infrastructure helps bootstrap encryption of our online communications. It will be demonstrated how adversaries, such as repressive regimes, can exploit vulnerabilities in Internet routing to attack the public key infrastructure and completely bypass the protections offered by encryption. These attacks challenge conventional beliefs about privacy of networked systems and show that the core foundations of internet encryption are at risk. A countermeasure will be introduced to protect our communications that was deployed at Let’s Encrypt, the world’s largest certificate authority. The deployed countermeasure has helped secure the issuance of over one billion digital certificates.  

The privacy threat posed by revelation of meta-data information associated with online communications will also be examined. For example, today’s network infrastructure leaks the identities of the communicating parties, which allows repressive regimes to perform mass surveillance and censor access to information. Privacy enhancing technologies will be introduced, these will counter online surveillance and highlight challenges that need to be overcome for their widespread deployment.

Bio: Prateek Mittal is an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering at Princeton University, where he is also affiliated with Computer Science and is the interim director of the Center for Information Technology Policy. He is interested in the design and development of privacy-preserving and secure systems. His current interests include the domains of (1) privacy-enhancing technologies such as anonymous communication and statistical data privacy, (2) adversarial machine learning, and (3) Internet/network security.

A unifying theme in Mittal’s work is to manipulate and exploit structural properties of data and networked systems to solve privacy and security challenges facing our society. His research has applied this distinct approach to widely-used operational systems, and has used the resulting insights to influence system design and operation, including that of the Tor network and the Let’s Encrypt certificate authority, directly impacting hundreds of millions of users.

He is the recipient of Princeton University’s E. Lawrence Keyes, Jr. award for outstanding research and teaching, the NSF Career award, the ONR YIP award, the ARO YIP award, faculty research awards from IBM, Intel, Google, Cisco, and multiple award publications.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will not be recorded.

In-person attendance is restricted to Princeton University faculty, staff and students.

CITP Special Event: Privacy and Autonomy in the Metaverse

Date and Time
Wednesday, September 21, 2022 - 5:00pm to 6:00pm
Location
PUL Makerspace – Lewis Library
Type
CITP
Host
Princeton University Library and the Center for Information Technology Policy (CITP)

Silhouette of a person wearing a VR headset.
Virtual reality (VR) technologies have never been more accessible. The utopian vision of accessibility is that it has a democratizing effect; however, when companies monetize their technology, the trade-off is often privacy.

Biometric data collection by companies and governments is on the rise, and adverse effects of “filter bubbles” that prey upon negative emotional responses also continue to afflict society. As an increasingly mainstream technological medium, VR is already used as a tool towards these ends, and Meta has gone on record indicating their data extraction-based business model will not change. Is there time to intervene? What would intervention look like at the point of policy, and at the point of design?

Join us for a panel discussion about current trends and concerns in data privacy policy as it relates to VR and extended reality (XR) technologies. This panel brings together diverse perspectives on data privacy policy and liberatory digital systems. We’ll talk about recent developments in U.S. privacy policy as it pertains to biometric data collection, and implications for VR moving forward.

Panelists include:

  • Payton Croskey, Ida B. Wells Just Data Lab
  • Jennifer Grayburn, Princeton University Library
  • Mihir Kshirsagar, Center for Information Technology Policy

This event is free and open to the public.

Hosted by the Princeton University Library and co-sponsored by the Center for Information Technology Policy (CITP)

CITP Seminar: Participatory User Data Collection and Potential Futures for Platform Accountability: The Case of Mozilla Rally

Date and Time
Tuesday, October 11, 2022 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm
Location
Sherrerd Hall 306
Type
CITP
Speaker
Rebecca Weiss, from Mozilla

Rebecca Weiss
As modern life increasingly moves online, our ability to understand the impact of the Internet on society has grown critically dependent upon the benevolence of tech platforms. To date, corporate data sharing programs have largely failed to meet the needs of the research community aimed at this problem.   In this talk, the shortcomings of previous corporate data sharing initiatives and identify requirements that must be met by future systems will be outlined.  In addition, Mozilla Rally, a data platform that addresses some of these system requirements will be presented. The talk will focus on the following properties of Mozilla Rally: user data donation and concomitant consent architectures, alternative corporate governance models, and community-led software development and release practices.​ The talk concludes with discussion of lessons learned during the creation of Rally, as well as possible future directions that similar efforts could take.

Bio: Rebecca Weiss is an award-winning computational social scientist and data science leader. She has worked in academia and industry, applying innovative methods to large-scale data sets to better understand online environments and their behavioral consequences.

As head of research and innovation at Mozilla, she created and incubated the Rally project, a privacy-preserving data platform leveraged by institutions including Princeton, Stanford, and The Markup to conduct research in the public interest. Before that, she founded the Firefox Data Science team and advanced Lean Data Practices as Mozilla’s director of data science.

Weiss has held fellowships at the Berkman-Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University and at the Brown Institute for Media Innovation (a joint effort between Stanford School of Engineering and Columbia School of Journalism). She has advised the U.S. Congress on artificial intelligence policy and her research has been published in leading computer science and social science conferences and journals, such as WWW, ICWSM, KDD, PETS, and ICA.  She holds a Ph.D. from Stanford, a S.M. in technology policy from MIT, and a B.A. in cognitive systems from the University of British Columbia.


To request accommodations for a disability please contact Jean Butcher, butcher@princeton.edu, at least one week prior to the event.

This talk will be recorded and posted on the CITP YouTube channel and on the Princeton University Media Central website.

Click here to attend via Zoom: https://princeton.zoom.us/j/96994818236

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