Andrew W. Appel Eugene Higgins Professor of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Princeton University

Bio & Contact Publications Vita My students

Research Interests: program verification, computer security, programming language semantics, machine-checked proofs, compilers, and election technology.

The Science of Deep Specification

VST project page

CertiCoq project page

Cryptography

Voting machines

Selected articles on voting: (more here and here) Are voting-machine modems truly divorced from the Internet? Securing the Vote — National Academies report Serious design flaw in ESS ExpressVote touchscreen: “permission to cheat” Florida is the Florida of ballot-design mistakes Pilots of risk-limiting election audits in California and Virginia BMDs are not meaningfully auditable Democracy Live internet voting: unsurprisingly insecure, and surprisingly insecure NJ agrees No Internet voting in July, vague about November Voting by mail in NJ 2020 Vote-by-mail meltdowns in 2020? New Jersey gets ballot-tracking only half right Did Sean Hannity misquote me? ESS voting machine company sends threats Georgia’s election certification avoided an even worse nightmare that’s just waiting to happen next time Expert analysis of Antrim County, Michigan Juan Gilbert’s Transparent BMD Internet Voting is Still Inherently Insecure Accommodating voters with disabilities New Hampshire Election Audit, part 1; and part 2

Technology Policy

My blog at

Other technology policy work I've done

Previous research projects