Andrew W. Appel Eugene Higgins Professor of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Princeton University

Bio & Contact Publications Vita My students

Research Interests: program verification, computer security, programming language semantics, machine-checked proofs, compilers, and election technology.

  
National Science Foundation Expedition in Computing 2016-2021

VST project page

CertiCoq project page

Cryptography

Voting machines

Recent articles on voting: Are voting-machine modems truly divorced from the Internet? Securing the Vote — National Academies report Serious design flaw in ESS ExpressVote touchscreen: “permission to cheat” Design flaw in Dominion ImageCast Evolution voting machine Continuous-roll VVPAT under glass: an idea whose time has passed An unverifiability principle for voting machines Ten ways to make voting machines cheat with plausible deniability Cheating with paper ballots End-to-End Verifiable Elections When the optical scanners jam up, what then? Two cheers for limited democracy in New Jersey Florida is the Florida of ballot-design mistakes Expert opinions on in-person voting machines and vote-by-mail Why voters should mark ballots by hand Pilots of risk-limiting election audits in California and Virginia

Technology Policy

My blog at

Other technology policy work I've done

Previous research projects