Library Coq.Arith.Minus
minus (difference between two natural numbers) is defined in
Init/Peano.v as:
Fixpoint minus (n m:nat) {struct n} : nat :=
match n, m with
| O, _ => 0
| S k, O => S k
| S k, S l => k - l
end
where "n - m" := (minus n m) : nat_scope.
Require Import Lt.
Require Import Le.
Open Local Scope nat_scope.
Implicit Types m n p : nat.
Lemma minus_n_O : forall n, n = n - 0.
Proof.
induction n; simpl in |- *; auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve minus_n_O: arith v62.
Permutation with successor
Lemma minus_Sn_m : forall n m, m <= n -> S (n - m) = S n - m.
Proof.
intros n m Le; pattern m, n in |- *; apply le_elim_rel; simpl in |- *;
auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve minus_Sn_m: arith v62.
Theorem pred_of_minus : forall n, pred n = n - 1.
Proof.
intro x; induction x; simpl in |- *; auto with arith.
Qed.
Lemma minus_n_n : forall n, 0 = n - n.
Proof.
induction n; simpl in |- *; auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve minus_n_n: arith v62.
Lemma minus_plus_simpl_l_reverse : forall n m p, n - m = p + n - (p + m).
Proof.
induction p; simpl in |- *; auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve minus_plus_simpl_l_reverse: arith v62.
Lemma plus_minus : forall n m p, n = m + p -> p = n - m.
Proof.
intros n m p; pattern m, n in |- *; apply nat_double_ind; simpl in |- *;
intros.
replace (n0 - 0) with n0; auto with arith.
absurd (0 = S (n0 + p)); auto with arith.
auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Immediate plus_minus: arith v62.
Lemma minus_plus : forall n m, n + m - n = m.
symmetry in |- *; auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve minus_plus: arith v62.
Lemma le_plus_minus : forall n m, n <= m -> m = n + (m - n).
Proof.
intros n m Le; pattern n, m in |- *; apply le_elim_rel; simpl in |- *;
auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve le_plus_minus: arith v62.
Lemma le_plus_minus_r : forall n m, n <= m -> n + (m - n) = m.
Proof.
symmetry in |- *; auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve le_plus_minus_r: arith v62.
Theorem le_minus : forall n m, n - m <= n.
Proof.
intros i h; pattern i, h in |- *; apply nat_double_ind;
[ auto
| auto
| intros m n H; simpl in |- *; apply le_trans with (m := m); auto ].
Qed.
Lemma lt_minus : forall n m, m <= n -> 0 < m -> n - m < n.
Proof.
intros n m Le; pattern m, n in |- *; apply le_elim_rel; simpl in |- *;
auto with arith.
intros; absurd (0 < 0); auto with arith.
intros p q lepq Hp gtp.
elim (le_lt_or_eq 0 p); auto with arith.
auto with arith.
induction 1; elim minus_n_O; auto with arith.
Qed.
Hint Resolve lt_minus: arith v62.
Lemma lt_O_minus_lt : forall n m, 0 < n - m -> m < n.
Proof.
intros n m; pattern n, m in |- *; apply nat_double_ind; simpl in |- *;
auto with arith.
intros; absurd (0 < 0); trivial with arith.
Qed.
Hint Immediate lt_O_minus_lt: arith v62.
Theorem not_le_minus_0 : forall n m, ~ m <= n -> n - m = 0.
Proof.
intros y x; pattern y, x in |- *; apply nat_double_ind;
[ simpl in |- *; trivial with arith
| intros n H; absurd (0 <= S n); [ assumption | apply le_O_n ]
| simpl in |- *; intros n m H1 H2; apply H1; unfold not in |- *; intros H3;
apply H2; apply le_n_S; assumption ].
Qed.