(1) List 4 Web browser programs that one could use to surf the web.
If you are familiar with more than one of them, tell us which one you
prefer to use and why. In any case, for the one you use, describe three
capabilities that you would like it to have but that it currently doesn't,
and why you would really like those capabilities. Give brief answers.
Greater credit is given for creative answers than for obvious ones.

(2) Even though Desktops/Laptops/PDAs are the most visible form of
computers, they are also embedded in many other devices to perform
useful functions. In cars, they monitor and regulate the power
sent to each wheel to allow for faster and safer turns, they monitor
engine performance for optimal fuel consumption, and they can even park
the car (http://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/ptech/09/01/toyota.prius.reut/).
Cellular phones are essentially small specialized computers. Computers
are embedded in digital cameras, MP3 players, exercise machines etc.
Adidas is planning a shoe with an embedded computer to adjust to road
conditions (http://www.gizmodo.com/archives/adidas-1-selfadapting-shoes-015943.php).
With computers becoming smaller and cheaper, it will soon be feasible to
embed them in all sorts of gadgets. List 4 gadgets that generally don't
carry computers today but that you think will benefit from embedding computers in
them, and state what would the benefits would be.  Give brief answers.

(3) The lecture briefly covered 2 technologies, namely, Napster and
Gnutella, that allow direct exchange of files between users. As you likely
know, Napster was found to be in violation of copyright laws and
essentially shut down. Kazaa is software that is like Gnutella.
Holding the makers of Kazaa liable for their software at the same level has
proven thus far to be a far more difficult task (Kazaa takes the same stand
as Sony took in creating the VCR -- they only make it and are not involved
when people use their creation to break the law, i.e., illegally distribute
copies of music/videos).  There another program called bittorrent that is
becoming popular -- http://bittorrent.com/introduction.html gives a quick
overview of how it works. Would a case by the recording industry against
the creator of bittorrent (Bram Cohen) be "easy" like it was against
Napster?  Or do you believe in the argument that he only makes it and is not involved
or responsible when people use his creation to break the law by distributing
copies of music/videos against their copyright notices?  Regardless of your
answer, how does the task of actually shutting down an illegal operation
that uses BitTorrent compare to that of taking down a Napster network (already
done) or Kazaa network (still up and running) ? Give brief justifications.


(4) A computer's CPU has a clock that synchronizes all circuitry.  Each
element of the circuit executes (fires) once each time the clock ticks.
A set of element executions, taken together, enables the computer to perform
one operation (e.g. adding or multiplying 2 numbers).

The rate at which the computer's clock ticks is described as a frequency.
For example, a computer processor with a frequency of 900 MHz (megaHertz)
has a clock that ticks 900 million times per second.

However, it may take more than 1 clock tick's worth of element executions to
complete an instruction. This number is often called
"cycles per instruction" (CPI) and varies from instruciton to instruction
(e.g., as you might expect multiplying two numbers may take
more cycles than adding two numbers).

How many multiplication instructions could your computer be carrying out
during the 80 minutes of a COS 111 lecture?

If you know the clock rate and CPI (for multiplication) of your computer,
tell us and use those numbers in your computation.  If you don't, assume
that it has a clock rate of 1800 MHz and CPI (for multiplication) of 2.