The design document should be more or less in this form, though you can use ASCII or Word if you prefer. (It would be easiest if you can send us the final copy as a PDF document.) There's no need for fancy graphics or strong production values. The content is what counts, though good English and the absence of typos and spelling mistakes will suggest that you have taken some care with it.
For example, one component is likely to be a database where information about client visits is recorded. It would make it possible to recall previous visits by this client and make information from those visits accessible for searching and combining with the current query. What information is stored in the database? Is there more than one database? What are the basic relational tables?
Another component will the the user interface. Web users might see a GUI that lets them search for information, select parts of it for update, and see the updated information. What form will this interface likely take? For example, it might be written with Flash to provide something very graphically sophisticated. In that case, would you need another component to provide the same information for users who do not have Flash?
If your system requires some kind of administrative interface, that would likely be another component; you would want to discuss its properties as well, and perhaps say what you plan to do about security issues, if anything.
A typical 3-tier system will have logic in the middle that extracts query requests from forms, formulates database queries, and formats the return information. This processing is the most specific to your project, so you want to plan it and spell it out as carefully as you can here. What kinds of information are presented to the user, what responses are received, what processing is done on those before something is sent back to the user?
For example, you should specify interfaces to the database in such a way that you could reasonably replace one database system (say MySQL) by another (Postgres) without change. Similarly, you should be able to make significant changes to the user interface appearance without changing the code that extracts information from the user.
What are the stages of your delivery? What will you build first to demonstrate minimal but working end to end functionality? What do you plan to have working for your first prototype?
The timeline for a previous project tells how a very well-run project progressed; you might study that as you think about your own schedule.
For example, if you plan to use Flash, do you have to acquire a copy somewhere, and does it cost money? If only one of you knows PHP, while two know Java but not well, you have to assess which path to follow and allow some time for that. Does PHP run on OIT machines? Do Java programs work with campuscgi? You should find out first thing whether your intended software is available on your intended platforms, and have a fallback plan if it is not.