Haptics is the combined senses of Kinesthetic and Tactile
senses.
These in turn have sub-senses (heat, vibration, pressure
for Taction, for example).
Visual: .15 sec
Auditory: .12 sec
Tactile: .10 sec
.
...motors...
Exoskeletons:
...hydraulics...
...HYDRAULICS...
Massie's Phantom Ruspini's
Cat
.
How do you know where your hand is?
Force-reflecting teleoperation (GE in the '60s):
...tapes...
Virtual haptics in the '90s:
Some recent products: